What does the character of Joe Starks represent in Janie’s life?

The character of Joe Starks in Zora Neale Hurston's "Their Eyes Were Watching God" symbolizes societal expectations and the oppression that often accompanies them, particularly for African American women in the early 20th century. Throughout his relationship with Janie, Joe is portrayed as a dominant figure who imposes his own aspirations and desires upon her, expecting her to conform to the role of the submissive, supportive wife.

His authoritative nature and the way he treats Janie highlight the oppressive social norms of the time, where a woman's identity and voice are often suppressed by male authority. Rather than allowing Janie to express herself or pursue her own happiness, Joe prioritizes his own ambitions, which stifles her growth and individuality. This dynamic emphasizes how societal pressures can restrict personal freedom and contribute to emotional and psychological struggle, making Joe a representation of these oppressive societal structures.

In contrast, the other choices do not accurately capture Joe's role in Janie’s life. He is not a supportive partner, as he fails to nurture Janie's aspirations; he is not an idealized love, as their relationship is steeped in control rather than mutual respect; and while he could be seen as a mentor in some respects, it is primarily through