What distinguishes Modernist literature from previous literary movements?

Modernist literature is primarily characterized by a break from traditional narrative styles and an emphasis on fragmented perspectives. This movement emerged in the late 19th to early 20th centuries as a response to the rapid changes in society, including industrialization, World War I, and shifts in philosophy and psychology.

Modernist authors rejected the established conventions of plot and character development found in previous literary styles. Instead, they experimented with new forms of expression, often presenting their narratives through disjointed timelines, unreliable narrators, and multiple viewpoints. This fragmentation reflects the complexities and uncertainties of modern life, where experiences can often feel disconnected and chaotic.

The other options highlight elements that are not defining characteristics of Modernist literature. For instance, a return to classic narrative styles contradicts the very essence of Modernism, which sought to innovate and break away from the past. While themes of romanticism and individualism are significant in earlier literary movements, Modernism shifts focus away from these themes towards existential concerns and the inner workings of the human mind. Additionally, although rural settings are explored in some literary works, they do not represent the quintessential themes of Modernism, which is more concerned with urban experiences and psychological introspection.